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The Prime Minister (Finnish: pääministeri, Swedish: statsminister) is the Head of Government of Finland. The Prime Minister is appointed by the President, who is the Head of State. The current Prime Minister is Matti Vanhanen of the Centre Party.
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Under the provisions of the new Constitution of Finland (enacted in 2000), the President nominates a Prime Minister after the parties in the Eduskunta (Parliament) have negotiated the distribution of seats in the new Council of State and the government\'s programme. Parliament must ratify the nominated Prime Minister with an absolute majority in a vote without other candidates. If the nominee doesn\'t receive sufficient support, then a new round of negotiations and a second nomination by the President follows. If the second nominee also fails to gain an absolute majority, then a third vote occurs, in which any member of Parliament can nominate a candidate; in this round a plurality is sufficient for election. The President\'s formal appointment follows Parliament\'s election.
The above procedure was first used to elect Anneli Jäätteenmäki to the Prime Ministership in 2003. Previously it was assumed that the President would nominate the candidate who in a third round of voting would have gained a relative majority, usually the leader of the largest party. Before the new Constitution came into force, full formal powers to appoint the Prime Minister and the rest of the Council of State had been the privilege of the President, who was free to diverge from parliamentary principles, although ministers appointed had to have the confidence of the Parliament.
The Prime Minister nominates the remaining members of the Council of State, who are then, with the consent of Parliament, appointed by the President.
In 1918, the Finnish Senate was transformed into the Council of State (or cabinet) of Finland, and the position of Vice-Chairman of the Economic Division of the Senate was transformed into that of a Prime Minister. Kesäranta (in Swedish Villa Bjälbo), located in the Meilahti area of Helsinki, has been the official residence of the Prime Minister of Finland since 1919.
Since its independence (declared on December 6th, 1917), Finland has had 86 cabinets, the longest lasting being the two cabinets of Prime Minister Paavo Lipponen, both lasting 1,464 days.
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J. Sukselainen from:29/11/1957 till:26/04/1958 shift:($dx,$dy) color:muu text:Rainer von Fieandt from:26/04/1958 till:29/08/1958 shift:($dx,$dy) color:muu text:Reino Kuuskoski from:29/08/1958 till:13/01/1959 shift:($dx,$dy) color:sdp text:Karl-August Fagerholm from:13/01/1959 till:14/07/1961 shift:($dx,$dy) color:keskusta text:V. J. Sukselainen from:14/07/1961 till:13/04/1962 shift:($dx,$dy) color:keskusta text:Martti Miettunen from:13/04/1962 till:18/12/1963 shift:($dx,$dy) color:keskusta text:Ahti Karjalainen from:18/12/1963 till:12/09/1964 shift:($dx,$dy) color:muu text:Reino Ragnar Lehto from:12/09/1964 till:27/05/1966 shift:($dx,$dy) color:keskusta text:Johannes Virolainen from:27/05/1966 till:22/03/1968 shift:($dx,$dy) color:sdp text:Rafael Paasio from:22/03/1968 till:14/05/1970 shift:($dx,$dy) color:sdp text:Mauno Koivisto from:14/05/1970 till:15/07/1970 shift:($dx,$dy) color:muu text:Teuvo Aura from:15/07/1970 till:29/10/1971 shift:($dx,$dy) color:keskusta text:Ahti Karjalainen from:29/10/1971 till:23/02/1972 shift:($dx,$dy) color:muu text:Teuvo Aura from:23/02/1972 till:04/09/1972 shift:($dx,$dy) color:sdp text:Rafael Paasio from:04/09/1972 till:13/06/1975 shift:($dx,$dy) color:sdp text:Kalevi Sorsa from:13/06/1975 till:30/11/1975 shift:($dx,$dy) color:muu text:Keijo Liinamaa from:30/11/1975 till:15/05/1977 shift:($dx,$dy) color:keskusta text:Martti Miettunen from:15/05/1977 till:26/05/1979 shift:($dx,$dy) color:sdp text:Kalevi Sorsa from:26/05/1979 till:19/02/1982 shift:($dx,$dy) color:sdp text:Mauno Koivisto from:19/02/1982 till:30/04/1987 shift:($dx,$dy) color:sdp text:Kalevi Sorsa from:30/04/1987 till:26/04/1991 shift:($dx,$dy) color:kokoomus text:Harri Holkeri from:26/04/1991 till:13/04/1995 shift:($dx,$dy) color:keskusta text:Esko Aho from:13/04/1995 till:17/04/2003 shift:($dx,$dy) color:sdp text:Paavo Lipponen from:17/04/2003 till:24/06/2003 shift:($dx,$dy) color:keskusta text:Anneli Jäätteenmäki from:24/06/2003 till:23/12/2007 shift:($dx,$dy) color:keskusta text:Matti Vanhanen
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